updated man page

Makefile

@@ -15,17 +15,21 @@ all:
 	@echo "Run 'make install' to install."
 
 install:
-	@echo "Installing sfm to $(BINDIR)/sfm ..."
+	@echo "Installing sfm to $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/sfm ..."
 	$(INSTALL) -d $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)
 	$(INSTALL) -m 755 sfm $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/sfm
-	@echo "Installing README to $(DOCDIR) ..."
+	@echo "Installing man page to $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/sfm.1 ..."
+	$(INSTALL) -d $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 sfm.1 $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/sfm.1
+	@echo "Installing README to $(DESTDIR)$(DOCDIR)/README ..."
 	$(INSTALL) -d $(DESTDIR)$(DOCDIR)
-	$(INSTALL) -m 644 README.txt $(DESTDIR)$(DOCDIR)/README.txt
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 README $(DESTDIR)$(DOCDIR)/README
-	@echo "Done. Run 'sfm' to start."
+	@echo "Done. Run 'sfm' to start, or 'man sfm' for help."
 
 uninstall:
 	@echo "Removing sfm ..."
 	$(RM) $(DESTDIR)$(BINDIR)/sfm
+	$(RM) $(DESTDIR)$(MANDIR)/sfm.1
 	$(RM) -r $(DESTDIR)$(DOCDIR)
 	@echo "Done."
 

README

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ REQUIREMENTS
 - Optional: wl-copy / xclip / xsel / pbcopy  (for clipboard support)
 - Optional: mpv, vlc, feh, zathura, etc.     (for smart file opening)
 - Optional: readlink                         (for symlink display)
+- Optional: file                             (for MIME type detection)
  
  
 INSTALLATION
@@ -41,9 +42,15 @@ Manual installation:
  
 USAGE
 -----
-   sfm
+   sfm [path]
  
-sfm will opens in the current directory.
+If no path is given, sfm opens in the current directory.
+ 
+Examples:
+   sfm              # open in current directory
+   sfm /mnt/data    # open at a specific path
+   sfm ~            # open home directory
+   sfm ..           # open parent directory
  
  
 NAVIGATION
@@ -68,11 +75,46 @@ DISPLAY TOGGLES
 ---------------
   .       Toggle hidden files (dotfiles)
   T       Toggle size/date detail column
+  P       Toggle preview pane (right side)
   s       Cycle sort mode: name -> size -> date
   i       Show file info (permissions, size, date) in status bar
   R       Refresh current directory listing
  
  
+PREVIEW PANE
+------------
+Press P to toggle the preview pane on the right side of the screen.
+The list pane takes the left half, preview takes the right half.
+ 
+  Text files      Shows file contents line by line
+  Directories     Shows directory contents
+  Symlinks        Shows link target
+  Binary files    Shows file size
+ 
+ 
+CUSTOM OPENER
+-------------
+sfm checks for a user-defined opener script at:
+ 
+  ~/.config/sfm/opener
+ 
+If the file exists and is executable, sfm passes the selected file
+path to it instead of using the built-in smart opener. Example:
+ 
+  #!/bin/sh
+  case "$1" in
+      *.jpg|*.jpeg) imv "$1" ;;
+      *.mp4)        mpv "$1" ;;
+      *.html|*.pdf) firefox "$1" ;;
+      *)            echo "no program set for this file type" ;;
+  esac
+ 
+Make it executable: chmod +x ~/.config/sfm/opener
+ 
+If the opener script does not exist, sfm falls back to its built-in
+smart opener automatically.
+ 
+ 
 FILE OPERATIONS
 ---------------
   r       Rename selected entry
@@ -163,5 +205,6 @@ it back to the desired location.
 DATA FILES
 ----------
   ~/.config/sfm/bookmarks     Saved bookmarks (one path per line)
+  ~/.config/sfm/opener        Custom file opener script (optional)
   ~/.local/share/sfm-trash/   Trashed files
  

sfm

@@ -22,36 +22,15 @@ file_colour() {
     _fc_ext="${_fc_name##*.}"
     _fc_ext=$(printf '%s' "$_fc_ext" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
     # executable?
-    [ -x "${CWD}/${_fc_name}" ] && { printf '%s' "${RED}${BOLD}"; return; }
+    [ -x "${CWD}/${_fc_name}" ] && { printf '%s' "${GREEN}${BOLD}"  ; return; }
-    case "$_fc_ext" in
+    # node device?
-        # images
+    [ -c "${CWD}/${_fc_name}" ] && { printf '%s' "${MAGENTA}${BOLD}"; return; }
-        jpg|jpeg|png|gif|bmp|tiff|tif|webp|svg|ico|heic|heif|avif)
+    # block device?
-            printf '%s' "${MAGENTA}" ;;
+    [ -b "${CWD}/${_fc_name}" ] && { printf '%s' "${MAGENTA}${BOLD}"; return; }
-        # video
+    # readable?
-        mp4|mkv|avi|mov|wmv|flv|webm|m4v|mpeg|mpg|3gp|ogv)
+    [ -r "${CWD}/${_fc_name}" ] || { printf '%s' "${RED}${BOLD}"    ; return; }
-            printf '%s' "${MAGENTA}${BOLD}" ;;
+    # writable?
-        # audio
+    [ -w "${CWD}/${_fc_name}" ] || { printf '%s' "${RED}${BOLD}"    ; return; }
-        mp3|flac|ogg|wav|aac|m4a|opus|wma|aiff)
-            printf '%s' "${CYAN}${BOLD}" ;;
-        # archives
-        zip|tar|gz|bz2|xz|zst|7z|rar|tgz|tbz2)
-            printf '%s' "${RED}" ;;
-        # documents / text
-        pdf|doc|docx|odt|xls|xlsx|ods|ppt|pptx|odp)
-            printf '%s' "${YELLOW}" ;;
-        # code / scripts
-        sh|bash|zsh|fish|py|rb|pl|lua|js|ts|jsx|tsx|\
-        c|h|cpp|cc|cxx|hpp|rs|go|java|kt|swift|cs|php|r)
-            printf '%s' "${GREEN}" ;;
-        # data / config
-        json|xml|yaml|yml|toml|ini|conf|cfg|env)
-            printf '%s' "${CYAN}" ;;
-        # markdown / text
-        md|markdown|rst|txt|log)
-            printf '%s' "${WHITE}" ;;
-        # default
-        *) printf '%s' "${WHITE}" ;;
-    esac
 }
 
 goto()        { printf '\033[%d;%dH' "$1" "$2"; }
@@ -61,7 +40,11 @@ term_rows()   { tput_cmd lines || echo 24; }
 term_cols()   { tput_cmd cols  || echo 80; }
 
 # --- state ---
-CWD="$PWD"
+if [ -n "$1" ]; then
+    CWD=$(cd "$1" 2>/dev/null && pwd) || { printf 'sfm: %s: no such directory\n' "$1" >&2; exit 1; }
+else
+    CWD=$(cd "$PWD" 2>/dev/null && pwd) || CWD="/"
+fi
 SEL=0
 OFFSET=0
 PREV_SEL=0
@@ -79,9 +62,20 @@ INFO_MSG=""     # ephemeral message shown in botbar
 SHOW_HIDDEN=0   # 1 = show dotfiles
 SORT_MODE="name" # name | size | date
 SHOW_DETAILS=0   # 1 = show size+date column
+SHOW_PREVIEW=0   # 1 = show preview pane on right
 TRASH_DIR="${XDG_DATA_HOME:-$HOME/.local/share}/sfm-trash"
 mkdir -p "$TRASH_DIR"
 PREV_CWD=""     # last visited directory, for jumping back
+
+# normalise CWD: resolve to absolute canonical path, no double slashes
+norm_cwd() {
+    CWD=$(cd "$CWD" 2>/dev/null && pwd) || CWD="/"
+    # squeeze any double slashes (some systems return // for //<path>)
+    CWD=$(printf '%s' "$CWD" | tr -s '/')
+}
+
+# safely join CWD with a name, avoiding double slash at root
+joinpath() { [ "$CWD" = "/" ] && printf '/%s' "$1" || printf '%s/%s' "$CWD" "$1"; }
 BOOKMARK_FILE="${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/sfm/bookmarks"
 mkdir -p "$(dirname "$BOOKMARK_FILE")"
 [ -f "$BOOKMARK_FILE" ] || touch "$BOOKMARK_FILE"
@@ -91,20 +85,11 @@ load_entries() {
     ENTRIES=""
     COUNT=0
 
-    # build list of dir names then file names, including dotfiles if enabled
+    # hidden dirs first
-    for d in "$CWD"/*/; do
-        [ -d "$d" ] || continue
-        name="${d%/}"; name="${name##*/}"
-        [ "$name" = "*" ] && continue
-        case "$name" in .*) continue ;; esac   # skip dotdirs here, handle below
-        ENTRIES="$ENTRIES
-${name}/"
-        COUNT=$((COUNT + 1))
-    done
     if [ "$SHOW_HIDDEN" = "1" ]; then
-        for d in "$CWD"/./; do : ; done        # no-op, just to avoid error
         for d in "$CWD"/.*/; do
             [ -d "$d" ] || continue
+            [ -L "${d%/}" ] && continue
             name="${d%/}"; name="${name##*/}"
             [ "$name" = "." ] || [ "$name" = ".." ] && continue
             [ "$name" = ".*" ] && continue
@@ -114,21 +99,19 @@ ${name}/"
         done
     fi
 
-    for f in "$CWD"/*; do
+    # regular dirs
-        [ -e "$f" ] || [ -L "$f" ] || continue
+    for d in "$CWD"/*/; do
-        [ -d "$f" ] && ! [ -L "$f" ] && continue
+        [ -d "$d" ] || continue
-        name="${f##*/}"
+        [ -L "${d%/}" ] && continue
+        name="${d%/}"; name="${name##*/}"
         [ "$name" = "*" ] && continue
         case "$name" in .*) continue ;; esac
-        if [ -L "$f" ]; then
+        ENTRIES="$ENTRIES
-            ENTRIES="$ENTRIES
+${name}/"
-${name}@"
-        else
-            ENTRIES="$ENTRIES
-${name}"
-        fi
         COUNT=$((COUNT + 1))
     done
+
+    # hidden files first
     if [ "$SHOW_HIDDEN" = "1" ]; then
         for f in "$CWD"/.*; do
             [ -e "$f" ] || [ -L "$f" ] || continue
@@ -146,6 +129,23 @@ ${name}"
         done
     fi
 
+    # regular files
+    for f in "$CWD"/*; do
+        [ -e "$f" ] || [ -L "$f" ] || continue
+        [ -d "$f" ] && ! [ -L "$f" ] && continue
+        name="${f##*/}"
+        [ "$name" = "*" ] && continue
+        case "$name" in .*) continue ;; esac
+        if [ -L "$f" ]; then
+            ENTRIES="$ENTRIES
+${name}@"
+        else
+            ENTRIES="$ENTRIES
+${name}"
+        fi
+        COUNT=$((COUNT + 1))
+    done
+
     ENTRIES="${ENTRIES#
 }"
 
@@ -244,40 +244,42 @@ apply_filter() {
     if [ -z "$FILTER" ]; then
         ENTRIES="$ALL_ENTRIES"
         COUNT="$ALL_COUNT"
-        return
+    else
-    fi
+        ENTRIES=""
-    ENTRIES=""
+        COUNT=0
-    COUNT=0
+        _rest="$ALL_ENTRIES"
-    printf '%s\n' "$ALL_ENTRIES" | while IFS= read -r line; do
+        while [ -n "$_rest" ]; do
-        case "$line" in
+            _line="${_rest%%
-            *"$FILTER"*) printf '%s\n' "$line" ;;
+*}"; _next="${_rest#*
-        esac
-    done | {
-        while IFS= read -r line; do
-            ENTRIES="$ENTRIES
-$line"
-            COUNT=$((COUNT + 1))
-        done
-        # write back via temp — subshell can't modify parent vars directly
-        printf '%s\n' "$COUNT" > /tmp/_fm_count
-        printf '%s' "$ENTRIES" > /tmp/_fm_entries
-    }
-    COUNT=$(cat /tmp/_fm_count 2>/dev/null || echo 0)
-    ENTRIES=$(cat /tmp/_fm_entries 2>/dev/null || echo "")
-    ENTRIES="${ENTRIES#
 }"
+            [ "$_next" = "$_rest" ] && _next=""
+            _rest="$_next"
+            [ -z "$_line" ] && continue
+            case "$_line" in
+                *"$FILTER"*)
+                    if [ -z "$ENTRIES" ]; then ENTRIES="$_line"
+                    else ENTRIES="$ENTRIES
+$_line"; fi
+                    COUNT=$((COUNT + 1)) ;;
+            esac
+        done
+    fi
+    # write to tmp file for O(1) line access in get_entry
+    printf '%s\n' "$ENTRIES" > /tmp/_sfm_list
 }
 
 get_entry() {
-    printf '%s\n' "$ENTRIES" | awk -v n="$(($1 + 1))" 'NR==n{print; exit}'
+    sed -n "$(($1 + 1))p" /tmp/_sfm_list
 }
 
 # find index of entry by name (0-based), returns -1 if not found
 find_entry() {
-    printf '%s\n' "$ENTRIES" | awk -v name="$1" '
+    _fe_n=$(grep -n "^${1}$" /tmp/_sfm_list 2>/dev/null | head -1 | cut -d: -f1)
-        { if ($0 == name) { print NR-1; found=1; exit } }
+    if [ -n "$_fe_n" ]; then
-        END { if (!found) print -1 }
+        printf '%d' $((_fe_n - 1))
-    '
+    else
+        printf '%d' -1
+    fi
 }
 
 # is entry name in SELECTED list?
@@ -341,16 +343,22 @@ render_row() {
     entry=$(get_entry "$_idx")
 
     case "$entry" in
-        */) colour="${GREEN}${BOLD}" ;;
+        */) colour="${BLUE}${BOLD}" ;;
         *@)
             _name="${entry%@}"
-            # broken symlink if target doesn't exist
             if [ -e "${CWD}/${_name}" ]; then
-                colour="${MAGENTA}${BOLD}"
+                colour="${CYAN}${BOLD}"
             else
                 colour="${RED}${BOLD}"
             fi ;;
-        *)  colour=$(file_colour "$entry") ;;
+        *)
+            _fc="${CWD}/${entry}"
+            if   [ -x "$_fc" ]; then colour="${GREEN}${BOLD}"
+            elif [ -c "$_fc" ]; then colour="${MAGENTA}${BOLD}"
+            elif [ -b "$_fc" ]; then colour="${MAGENTA}${BOLD}"
+            elif [ ! -r "$_fc" ] || [ ! -w "$_fc" ]; then colour="${RED}${BOLD}"
+            else colour="${WHITE}"
+            fi ;;
     esac
 
     # multi-select marker
@@ -382,17 +390,21 @@ render_row() {
     if [ "$SHOW_DETAILS" = "1" ]; then
         _path="${CWD}/${entry%/}"; _path="${_path%@}"
         _info=$(ls -ldh "$_path" 2>/dev/null)
-        _sz=$(printf '%s' "$_info" | awk '{print $5}')
+        # parse ls output with parameter expansion — no awk fork
-        _dt=$(printf '%s' "$_info" | awk '{print $6, $7}')
+        set -- $_info
-        # fixed width: size=6, date=6 → total detail = 14 chars
+        _sz=$5; _dt="$6 $7"
         _detail=$(printf ' %6s  %-6s' "$_sz" "$_dt")
+        set --
     fi
 
     # layout: marker(1) + name + spaces + detail
     _dlen=${#_detail}
-    maxw=$((_cols - 1 - _dlen - 1))
+    maxw=$((_cols - 2 - _dlen))
     if [ "${#display}" -gt "$maxw" ]; then
-        display=$(printf '%s' "$display" | cut -c1-$((_cols - _dlen - 4)))
+        _trunc=$((maxw - 3))
+        while [ "${#display}" -gt "$_trunc" ]; do
+            display="${display%?}"
+        done
         display="${display}..."
     fi
     _namew=$((${#display} + 1))   # 1 for marker
@@ -416,6 +428,111 @@ render_row() {
     fi
 }
 
+draw_preview() {
+    _rows=$1; _cols=$2; _px=$3; _pw=$4
+    entry=$(get_entry "$SEL")
+    # clear preview area first
+    _r=2
+    while [ "$_r" -le $((_rows - 1)) ]; do
+        goto "$_r" "$_px"
+        printf '\033[K'
+        _r=$((_r + 1))
+    done
+    [ -z "$entry" ] && return
+    _path=$(joinpath "${entry%/}"); _path="${_path%@}"
+
+    # draw vertical divider
+    _r=2
+    while [ "$_r" -le $((_rows - 1)) ]; do
+        goto "$_r" $((_px - 1))
+        printf '%s|%s' "${CYAN}" "${RESET}"
+        _r=$((_r + 1))
+    done
+
+    case "$entry" in
+        */)
+            # directory: list contents
+            _max_lines=$((_rows - 3))
+            _pr=2
+            for _de in "$_path"/*/; do
+                [ "$_pr" -gt $((_rows - 1)) ] && break
+                [ -d "$_de" ] || continue
+                _dn="${_de%/}"; _dn="${_dn##*/}"
+                [ "$_dn" = "*" ] && continue
+                _dl=" ${_dn}/"
+                [ "${#_dl}" -gt "$((_pw - 1))" ] && _dl="$(printf '%s' "$_dl" | cut -c1-$((_pw-2)))~"
+                goto "$_pr" "$_px"
+                printf '%s%s%s' "${BLUE}${BOLD}" "$_dl" "${RESET}"
+                _pr=$((_pr + 1))
+            done
+            for _fe in "$_path"/*; do
+                [ "$_pr" -gt $((_rows - 1)) ] && break
+                [ -e "$_fe" ] || continue
+                [ -d "$_fe" ] && continue
+                _fn="${_fe##*/}"
+                [ "$_fn" = "*" ] && continue
+                _fl=" ${_fn}"
+                [ "${#_fl}" -gt "$((_pw - 1))" ] && _fl="$(printf '%s' "$_fl" | cut -c1-$((_pw-2)))~"
+                goto "$_pr" "$_px"
+                printf '%s%s%s' "${WHITE}" "$_fl" "${RESET}"
+                _pr=$((_pr + 1))
+            done
+            if [ "$_pr" -eq 2 ]; then
+                goto 2 "$_px"
+                printf '%s(empty)%s' "${WHITE}" "${RESET}"
+            fi
+            ;;
+        *@)
+            # symlink
+            _tgt=$(readlink "$_path" 2>/dev/null || echo "?")
+            goto 2 "$_px"
+            printf '%s[symlink]%s' "${MAGENTA}${BOLD}" "${RESET}"
+            goto 3 "$_px"
+            printf '%s-> %s%s' "${WHITE}" "${_tgt}" "${RESET}"
+            ;;
+        *)
+            # detect if text via extension or mime
+            _ext="${entry##*.}"
+            _ext=$(printf '%s' "$_ext" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
+            _is_text=0
+            case "$_ext" in
+                txt|md|markdown|rst|log|conf|cfg|ini|toml|yaml|yml|\
+                sh|bash|zsh|py|rb|pl|lua|js|ts|json|xml|html|htm|\
+                css|c|h|cpp|rs|go|java|php|r|sql|vim|env|gitignore|\
+                diff|patch|csv|tsv|lock|mod|sum) _is_text=1 ;;
+            esac
+            if [ "$_is_text" = "0" ] && command -v file >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+                case "$(file --mime-type -b "$_path" 2>/dev/null)" in
+                    text/*) _is_text=1 ;;
+                esac
+            fi
+            if [ "$_is_text" = "1" ]; then
+                _max_lines=$((_rows - 3))
+                _line_n=0
+                while IFS= read -r _line && [ "$_line_n" -lt "$_max_lines" ]; do
+                    # truncate to preview width
+                    if [ "${#_line}" -gt "$((_pw - 1))" ]; then
+                        _line=$(printf '%s' "$_line" | cut -c1-$((_pw - 2)))
+                        _line="${_line}~"
+                    fi
+                    goto "$((_line_n + 2))" "$_px"
+                    printf '%s%s%s' "${WHITE}" "$_line" "${RESET}"
+                    _line_n=$((_line_n + 1))
+                done < "$_path"
+                if [ "$_line_n" -eq 0 ]; then
+                    goto 2 "$_px"
+                    printf '%s(empty file)%s' "${WHITE}" "${RESET}"
+                fi
+            else
+                # binary / unknown
+                goto 2 "$_px"
+                _sz=$(ls -lh "$_path" 2>/dev/null | awk '{print $5}')
+                printf '%s[binary] %s%s' "${YELLOW}" "${_sz}" "${RESET}"
+            fi
+            ;;
+    esac
+}
+
 draw_topbar() {
     _cols=$1
     spaces=$(printf '%*s' "$_cols" '')
@@ -426,7 +543,7 @@ draw_topbar() {
 draw_botbar() {
     _rows=$1; _cols=$2
     if [ "$SEARCHING" = "1" ]; then
-        info=" $((SEL + 1))/${COUNT} ${CWD}"
+        info=" $([ "$COUNT" -eq 0 ] && echo 0 || echo $((SEL + 1)))/${COUNT} ${CWD}"
         keys=" search: ${FILTER} "
         maxk=$((_cols - ${#info} - 1))
         [ "${#keys}" -gt "$maxk" ] && keys=$(printf '%s' "$keys" | cut -c1-"$maxk")
@@ -440,9 +557,8 @@ draw_botbar() {
             "${YELLOW}${keys}" \
             "${RESET}"
     elif [ -n "$INFO_MSG" ]; then
-        info=" $((SEL + 1))/${COUNT} ${CWD}"
+        info=" $([ "$COUNT" -eq 0 ] && echo 0 || echo $((SEL + 1)))/${COUNT} ${CWD}"
-        msg=" ${INFO_MSG} "
+        msg=" ${INFO_MSG} "        padlen=$((_cols - ${#info} - ${#msg}))
-        padlen=$((_cols - ${#info} - ${#msg}))
         [ "$padlen" -lt 0 ] && padlen=0
         pad=$(printf '%*s' "$padlen" '')
         goto "$_rows" 1
@@ -461,7 +577,7 @@ draw_botbar() {
         [ "$SORT_MODE" != "name" ] && _ind="${_ind} [sort:${SORT_MODE}]"
         [ "$SHOW_DETAILS" = "1" ]  && _ind="${_ind} [details]"
         hint="  press ? for help "
-        info=" $((SEL + 1))/${COUNT} ${CWD}${_ind}"
+        info=" $([ "$COUNT" -eq 0 ] && echo 0 || echo $((SEL + 1)))/${COUNT} ${CWD}${_ind}"
         padlen=$((_cols - ${#info} - ${#hint}))
         [ "$padlen" -lt 0 ] && padlen=0
         pad=$(printf '%*s' "$padlen" '')
@@ -479,6 +595,15 @@ draw() {
     COLS=$(term_cols)
     LIST_ROWS=$((ROWS - 2))   # row 1 = topbar, row ROWS = botbar
 
+    # split layout when preview enabled
+    if [ "$SHOW_PREVIEW" = "1" ]; then
+        LIST_COLS=$((COLS / 2))
+        PREV_COL=$((LIST_COLS + 2))
+        PREV_WIDTH=$((COLS - LIST_COLS - 2))
+    else
+        LIST_COLS=$COLS
+    fi
+
     # clamp selection
     [ "$SEL" -lt 0 ] && SEL=0
     [ "$COUNT" -gt 0 ] && [ "$SEL" -ge "$COUNT" ] && SEL=$((COUNT - 1))
@@ -494,7 +619,6 @@ draw() {
     [ "$OFFSET" != "$PREV_OFFSET" ] && NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1
 
     if [ "$NEED_FULL_REDRAW" = "1" ]; then
-        # --- full repaint: move to top without erasing, overwrite every row ---
         printf '\033[H'
         draw_topbar "$COLS"
 
@@ -502,22 +626,29 @@ draw() {
         idx=$OFFSET
         while [ "$row" -le $((LIST_ROWS + 1)) ] && [ "$idx" -lt "$COUNT" ]; do
             sel=0; [ "$idx" -eq "$SEL" ] && sel=1
-            render_row "$row" "$idx" "$sel" "$COLS"
+            render_row "$row" "$idx" "$sel" "$LIST_COLS"
             row=$((row + 1))
             idx=$((idx + 1))
         done
-        # blank leftover rows (e.g. after entering a smaller directory)
+        # show (empty) if directory has no entries
+        if [ "$COUNT" -eq 0 ]; then
+            goto 2 1
+            printf '%s  (empty)%s%s' "${WHITE}" "${ERASE_LINE}" "${RESET}"
+            row=3
+        fi
+        # blank leftover rows
         while [ "$row" -le $((LIST_ROWS + 1)) ]; do
             goto "$row" 1
             printf '%s' "${ERASE_LINE}"
             row=$((row + 1))
         done
 
+        [ "$SHOW_PREVIEW" = "1" ] && draw_preview "$ROWS" "$COLS" "$PREV_COL" "$PREV_WIDTH"
+
         draw_botbar "$ROWS" "$COLS"
         NEED_FULL_REDRAW=0
     else
-        # --- fast path: only touch the two rows whose highlight state changed ---
+        # --- fast path ---
-        # if nothing moved, skip entirely — no flicker at boundaries
         if [ "$SEL" = "$PREV_SEL" ] && [ "$OFFSET" = "$PREV_OFFSET" ]; then
             return 2>/dev/null || true
         fi
@@ -525,12 +656,14 @@ draw() {
         new_row=$(( (SEL      - OFFSET) + 2 ))
 
         if [ "$prev_row" -ge 2 ] && [ "$prev_row" -le $((LIST_ROWS + 1)) ]; then
-            render_row "$prev_row" "$PREV_SEL" 0 "$COLS"
+            render_row "$prev_row" "$PREV_SEL" 0 "$LIST_COLS"
         fi
         if [ "$new_row" -ge 2 ] && [ "$new_row" -le $((LIST_ROWS + 1)) ]; then
-            render_row "$new_row" "$SEL" 1 "$COLS"
+            render_row "$new_row" "$SEL" 1 "$LIST_COLS"
         fi
 
+        [ "$SHOW_PREVIEW" = "1" ] && draw_preview "$ROWS" "$COLS" "$PREV_COL" "$PREV_WIDTH"
+
         draw_botbar "$ROWS" "$COLS"
     fi
 
@@ -542,15 +675,21 @@ draw() {
 read_key() {
     IFS= read -r -n1 key 2>/dev/null || IFS= read -r key
     if [ "$key" = "$(printf '\033')" ]; then
-        # peek at next char with a very short timeout
         IFS= read -r -n1 -t 0.1 _k2 2>/dev/null || _k2=""
         if [ -z "$_k2" ]; then
-            # nothing followed — bare esc
             printf '\033'; return
         fi
-        # got a second char — read one more for full sequence (e.g. [A [B [C [D)
         IFS= read -r -n1 -t 0.1 _k3 2>/dev/null || _k3=""
-        key="${key}${_k2}${_k3}"
+        # if sequence ends with ~, it may have more chars — read one more
+        case "${_k2}${_k3}" in
+            '['[0-9])
+                IFS= read -r -n1 -t 0.1 _k4 2>/dev/null || _k4=""
+                key="${key}${_k2}${_k3}${_k4}"
+                ;;
+            *)
+                key="${key}${_k2}${_k3}"
+                ;;
+        esac
     fi
     printf '%s' "$key"
 }
@@ -567,6 +706,14 @@ _run_gui() { "$@" >/dev/null 2>&1 & }
 
 open_file() {
     _f="$1"
+
+    # use user opener script if it exists and is executable
+    _opener="${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME/.config}/sfm/opener"
+    if [ -x "$_opener" ]; then
+        "$_opener" "$_f"
+        return
+    fi
+
     _ext="${_f##*.}"
     _ext=$(printf '%s' "$_ext" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]')
 
@@ -744,7 +891,7 @@ do_help() {
     bw=$((COLS - 4))
     [ "$bw" -gt 52 ] && bw=52
     [ "$bw" -lt 36 ] && bw=36
-    bh=41
+    bh=46
     _help_bx=$(( (COLS - bw) / 2 )); [ "$_help_bx" -lt 1 ] && _help_bx=1
     _help_by=$(( (ROWS - bh) / 2 )); [ "$_help_by" -lt 1 ] && _help_by=1
     _help_iw=$((bw - 2))
@@ -766,32 +913,37 @@ do_help() {
     help_row 11 "  i     file info in status bar"
     help_row 12 "  s     cycle sort: name/size/date"
     help_row 13 "  T     toggle size/date details"
-    help_sep 14
+    help_row 14 "  P     toggle preview pane"
-    help_row 15 "  space  toggle multi-select"
+    help_sep 15
-    help_row 16 "  a      select all / deselect all"
+    help_row 16 "  space  toggle multi-select"
-    help_row 17 "  y      yank/copy  (works on selection)"
+    help_row 17 "  a      select all / deselect all"
-    help_row 18 "  x      cut        (works on selection)"
+    help_row 18 "  y      yank/copy  (works on selection)"
-    help_row 19 "  p      paste"
+    help_row 19 "  x      cut        (works on selection)"
-    help_row 20 "  d      delete     (works on selection)"
+    help_row 20 "  p      paste"
-    help_sep 21
+    help_row 21 "  d      delete     (works on selection)"
-    help_row 22 "  r   rename         R   refresh"
+    help_sep 22
-    help_row 23 "  m   make directory"
+    help_row 23 "  r   rename         R   refresh"
-    help_row 24 "  n   new file"
+    help_row 24 "  m   make directory"
-    help_row 25 "  u   trash file (safe delete)"
+    help_row 25 "  n   new file"
-    help_row 26 "  U   open trash directory"
+    help_row 26 "  u   trash file (safe delete)"
-    help_row 27 "  !   drop to shell in CWD"
+    help_row 27 "  U   open trash directory"
-    help_row 28 "  o   open with custom program"
+    help_row 28 "  !   drop to shell in CWD"
-    help_sep 29
+    help_row 29 "  o   open with custom program"
-    help_row 30 "  b   bookmark current dir"
+    help_row 30 "  +   chmod +x (make executable)"
-    help_row 31 "  B   open bookmark picker"
+    help_row 31 "  -   chmod -x (remove executable)"
-    help_row 32 "  c   copy path to clipboard"
+    help_sep 32
-    help_row 33 "  ~   go to home directory"
+    help_row 33 "  b   bookmark current dir"
-    help_row 34 "  \`   jump to previous directory"
+    help_row 34 "  B   open bookmark picker"
-    help_sep 35
+    help_row 35 "  c   copy path to clipboard"
-    help_row 36 "  q   quit"
+    help_row 36 "  ~   go to home directory"
-    help_row 37 "  ?   this help"
+    help_row 37 "  \`   jump to previous directory"
-    help_row 38 ""
+    help_row 38 "  :   jump to path"
-    help_row 39 "  press any key to close..."
+    help_row 39 "  f   find files recursively"
+    help_sep 40
+    help_row 41 "  q   quit"
+    help_row 42 "  ?   this help"
+    help_row 43 ""
+    help_row 44 "  press any key to close..."
 
     goto "$(( _help_by + bh ))" "$_help_bx"
     printf '%s+%s+%s' "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "$_help_hl" "${RESET}"
@@ -856,22 +1008,164 @@ do_toggle_hidden() {
 
 do_toggle_details() {
     if [ "$SHOW_DETAILS" = "0" ]; then
-        SHOW_DETAILS=1
+        SHOW_DETAILS=1; INFO_MSG="details on"
-        INFO_MSG="details on"
     else
-        SHOW_DETAILS=0
+        SHOW_DETAILS=0; INFO_MSG="details off"
-        INFO_MSG="details off"
     fi
     NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1
 }
 
+do_toggle_preview() {
+    if [ "$SHOW_PREVIEW" = "0" ]; then
+        SHOW_PREVIEW=1; INFO_MSG="preview on"
+    else
+        SHOW_PREVIEW=0; INFO_MSG="preview off"
+    fi
+    NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1
+}
+
+do_find() {
+    goto "$(term_rows)" 1
+    printf '%s%s find (recursive): %s' "${ERASE_LINE}" "${CYAN}${BOLD}" "${RESET}"
+    if ! read_line || [ -z "$READ_LINE" ]; then
+        NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1; draw; return
+    fi
+    _query="$READ_LINE"
+
+    # run find and collect results into a tmp file
+    _tmp=/tmp/_sfm_find
+    find "$CWD" -name "*${_query}*" 2>/dev/null | sort > "$_tmp"
+    _total=$(wc -l < "$_tmp" | tr -d '[:space:]')
+
+    if [ "$_total" -eq 0 ]; then
+        INFO_MSG="no results for: ${_query}"
+        NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1; return
+    fi
+
+    # show results in an interactive picker
+    ROWS=$(term_rows); COLS=$(term_cols)
+    _pw=$(( COLS - 4 )); [ "$_pw" -gt 80 ] && _pw=80; [ "$_pw" -lt 30 ] && _pw=30
+    _ph=$(( ROWS - 4 )); [ "$_ph" -lt 5 ] && _ph=5
+    _px=$(( (COLS - _pw) / 2 )); [ "$_px" -lt 1 ] && _px=1
+    _py=$(( (ROWS - _ph) / 2 )); [ "$_py" -lt 1 ] && _py=1
+    _iw=$((_pw - 2))
+    _hl=$(printf '%*s' "$_iw" '' | tr ' ' '-')
+    _vis=$((_ph - 3))   # visible result rows
+
+    _fsel=1
+    _foff=1   # scroll offset (1-based)
+
+    while true; do
+        # draw box
+        goto "$_py" "$_px"
+        printf '%s+%s+%s' "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "$_hl" "${RESET}"
+
+        # title
+        goto "$((_py+1))" "$_px"
+        _title="  find: ${_query}  (${_total} results)"
+        [ "${#_title}" -gt "$_iw" ] && _title=$(printf '%s' "$_title" | cut -c1-"$_iw")
+        _tpl=$((_iw - ${#_title})); _tp=$(printf '%*s' "$_tpl" '')
+        printf '%s|%s%s%s%s|%s' "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "${RESET}" "$_title" "$_tp" "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "${RESET}"
+
+        goto "$((_py+2))" "$_px"
+        printf '%s|%s|%s' "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "$_hl" "${RESET}"
+
+        # results
+        _ri=0
+        while [ "$_ri" -lt "$_vis" ]; do
+            _ridx=$((_foff + _ri))
+            goto "$((_py+3+_ri))" "$_px"
+            if [ "$_ridx" -le "$_total" ]; then
+                _rline=$(awk -v n="$_ridx" 'NR==n{print;exit}' "$_tmp")
+                # strip CWD prefix for display
+                _rdisplay="${_rline#$CWD/}"
+                [ "${#_rdisplay}" -gt "$_iw" ] && \
+                    _rdisplay="...$(printf '%s' "$_rdisplay" | rev | cut -c1-$((_iw-4)) | rev)"
+                _rpl=$((_iw - ${#_rdisplay})); _rp=$(printf '%*s' "$_rpl" '')
+                if [ "$_ridx" -eq "$_fsel" ]; then
+                    printf '%s|%s%s%s%s|%s' "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "${REV}${YELLOW}" "$_rdisplay" "$_rp" "${RESET}${BOLD}${CYAN}" "${RESET}"
+                else
+                    printf '%s|%s%s%s%s|%s' "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "${RESET}" "$_rdisplay" "$_rp" "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "${RESET}"
+                fi
+            else
+                _ep=$(printf '%*s' "$_iw" '')
+                printf '%s|%s|%s' "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "$_ep" "${RESET}"
+            fi
+            _ri=$((_ri+1))
+        done
+
+        goto "$((_py+_ph))" "$_px"
+        printf '%s+%s+%s' "${BOLD}${CYAN}" "$_hl" "${RESET}"
+
+        # read key
+        IFS= read -r -n1 _fk 2>/dev/null || IFS= read -r _fk
+        case "$_fk" in
+            j) _fsel=$((_fsel+1)); [ "$_fsel" -gt "$_total" ] && _fsel=$_total
+               [ "$_fsel" -ge $((_foff+_vis)) ] && _foff=$((_foff+1)) ;;
+            k) _fsel=$((_fsel-1)); [ "$_fsel" -lt 1 ] && _fsel=1
+               [ "$_fsel" -lt "$_foff" ] && _foff=$((_foff-1)); [ "$_foff" -lt 1 ] && _foff=1 ;;
+            "$(printf '\033')")
+                IFS= read -r -n2 -t 0.1 _fseq 2>/dev/null || _fseq=""
+                case "$_fseq" in
+                    '[A') _fsel=$((_fsel-1)); [ "$_fsel" -lt 1 ] && _fsel=1
+                          [ "$_fsel" -lt "$_foff" ] && _foff=$((_foff-1)); [ "$_foff" -lt 1 ] && _foff=1 ;;
+                    '[B') _fsel=$((_fsel+1)); [ "$_fsel" -gt "$_total" ] && _fsel=$_total
+                          [ "$_fsel" -ge $((_foff+_vis)) ] && _foff=$((_foff+1)) ;;
+                    *) NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1; return ;;  # esc — close
+                esac ;;
+            "$(printf '\n')"|\
+            "$(printf '\r')"|\
+            l)
+                _chosen=$(awk -v n="$_fsel" 'NR==n{print;exit}' "$_tmp")
+                if [ -d "$_chosen" ]; then
+                    PREV_CWD="$CWD"; CWD="$_chosen"; norm_cwd
+                elif [ -e "$_chosen" ]; then
+                    PREV_CWD="$CWD"; CWD=$(dirname "$_chosen"); norm_cwd
+                fi
+                FILTER=""; SELECTED=""
+                SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0
+                load_entries
+                # try to highlight the found file
+                _fname="${_chosen##*/}"
+                [ -d "$_chosen" ] && _fname="${_fname}/"
+                _fidx=$(find_entry "$_fname")
+                [ "$_fidx" -ge 0 ] 2>/dev/null && SEL=$_fidx
+                return ;;
+            q|Q|h) NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1; return ;;
+        esac
+    done
+}
+
+do_jump_path() {
+    goto "$(term_rows)" 1
+    printf '%s%s jump to: %s' "${ERASE_LINE}" "${CYAN}${BOLD}" "${RESET}"
+    if read_line && [ -n "$READ_LINE" ]; then
+        # expand ~ manually
+        case "$READ_LINE" in
+            "~"*)  READ_LINE="${HOME}${READ_LINE#\~}" ;;
+        esac
+        if [ -d "$READ_LINE" ]; then
+            PREV_CWD="$CWD"
+            CWD="$READ_LINE"; norm_cwd
+            FILTER=""; SELECTED=""
+            SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0
+            load_entries
+        else
+            INFO_MSG="not found: ${READ_LINE}"
+            NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1; draw
+        fi
+    else
+        NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1; draw
+    fi
+}
+
 do_go_back() {
     [ "$CWD" = "/" ] && return
     FILTER=""
     SELECTED=""
     PREV_CWD="$CWD"
     LAST_CHILD="${CWD##*/}/"   # name of current dir with trailing slash
-    CWD=$(dirname "$CWD")
+    CWD=$(cd "$(dirname "$CWD")" && pwd)
     SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0
     load_entries
     # restore selection to the directory we just came from
@@ -888,20 +1182,20 @@ do_open() {
         */)
             FILTER=""
             SELECTED=""
-            _target="${CWD}/${entry%/}"
+            _target=$(joinpath "${entry%/}")
             if [ ! -x "$_target" ] || [ ! -r "$_target" ]; then
                 INFO_MSG="permission denied: ${entry%/}"
                 NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1
                 return
             fi
             PREV_CWD="$CWD"
-            CWD=$(cd "$_target" && pwd)
+            CWD=$(cd "$_target" && pwd); norm_cwd
             SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0
             load_entries
             ;;
         *@)
             _name="${entry%@}"
-            _target="${CWD}/${_name}"
+            _target=$(joinpath "$_name")
             if [ -d "$_target" ]; then
                 if [ ! -x "$_target" ] || [ ! -r "$_target" ]; then
                     INFO_MSG="permission denied: ${_name}"
@@ -910,7 +1204,7 @@ do_open() {
                 fi
                 FILTER=""; SELECTED=""
                 PREV_CWD="$CWD"
-                CWD=$(cd "$_target" && pwd)
+                CWD=$(cd "$_target" && pwd); norm_cwd
                 SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0
                 load_entries
             else
@@ -1035,6 +1329,32 @@ do_mkdir() {
     fi
 }
 
+do_chmod_x() {
+    entry=$(get_entry "$SEL")
+    [ -z "$entry" ] && return
+    case "$entry" in */) INFO_MSG="cannot chmod a directory"; NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1; return ;; esac
+    _target=$(joinpath "${entry%@}")
+    if chmod +x "$_target" 2>/dev/null; then
+        INFO_MSG="chmod +x: ${entry}"
+    else
+        INFO_MSG="chmod failed: ${entry}"
+    fi
+    NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1
+}
+
+do_chmod_nox() {
+    entry=$(get_entry "$SEL")
+    [ -z "$entry" ] && return
+    case "$entry" in */) INFO_MSG="cannot chmod a directory"; NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1; return ;; esac
+    _target=$(joinpath "${entry%@}")
+    if chmod -x "$_target" 2>/dev/null; then
+        INFO_MSG="chmod -x: ${entry}"
+    else
+        INFO_MSG="chmod failed: ${entry}"
+    fi
+    NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1
+}
+
 do_info() {
     entry=$(get_entry "$SEL")
     [ -z "$entry" ] && return
@@ -1057,7 +1377,7 @@ do_shell() {
     printf '%s(type "exit" to return to fm)%s\n' "${YELLOW}" "${RESET}"
     ${SHELL:-sh}
     # restore CWD in case user cd'd around
-    CWD="${PWD}"
+    CWD="${PWD}"; norm_cwd
     setup_term; hide_cursor
     NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1
 }
@@ -1093,7 +1413,7 @@ do_trash() {
 do_open_trash() {
     PREV_CWD="$CWD"
     FILTER=""; SELECTED=""
-    CWD="$TRASH_DIR"
+    CWD="$TRASH_DIR"; norm_cwd
     SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0
     load_entries
 }
@@ -1122,7 +1442,7 @@ do_copy_path() {
 do_jump_back() {
     [ -z "$PREV_CWD" ] && { INFO_MSG="no previous directory"; NEED_FULL_REDRAW=1; return; }
     _tmp="$CWD"
-    CWD="$PREV_CWD"
+    CWD="$PREV_CWD"; norm_cwd
     PREV_CWD="$_tmp"
     FILTER=""; SELECTED=""
     SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0
@@ -1197,7 +1517,7 @@ do_bookmark_jump() {
                     '[C') # right — open
                         _chosen=$(awk -v n="$_bsel" 'NR==n&&NF{print;exit}' "$BOOKMARK_FILE")
                         if [ -n "$_chosen" ] && [ -d "$_chosen" ]; then
-                            PREV_CWD="$CWD"; CWD="$_chosen"
+                            PREV_CWD="$CWD"; CWD="$_chosen"; norm_cwd
                             FILTER=""; SELECTED=""
                             SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0
                             load_entries
@@ -1213,7 +1533,7 @@ do_bookmark_jump() {
             l)
                 _chosen=$(awk -v n="$_bsel" 'NR==n&&NF{print;exit}' "$BOOKMARK_FILE")
                 if [ -n "$_chosen" ] && [ -d "$_chosen" ]; then
-                    PREV_CWD="$CWD"; CWD="$_chosen"
+                    PREV_CWD="$CWD"; CWD="$_chosen"; norm_cwd
                     FILTER=""; SELECTED=""
                     SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0
                     load_entries
@@ -1331,7 +1651,7 @@ do_paste() {
 }
 
 # --- main ---
-trap 'restore_term; show_cursor; printf "\033[2J\033[H"; exit 0' INT TERM EXIT
+trap 'restore_term; show_cursor; printf "\033[2J\033[H"; rm -f /tmp/_sfm_list /tmp/_sfm_find; exit 0' INT TERM EXIT
 
 setup_term
 hide_cursor
@@ -1351,6 +1671,7 @@ while true; do
         G)  SEL=$((COUNT - 1)) ;;
         "$(printf '\033[6~')") SEL=$((SEL + $(term_rows) / 2)) ;;
         "$(printf '\033[5~')") SEL=$((SEL - $(term_rows) / 2)) ;;
+        "$(printf '\033[3~')") do_delete ;;
         "$(printf '\n')"|\
         "$(printf '\r')"|\
         "$(printf '\033[C')"|\
@@ -1364,14 +1685,17 @@ while true; do
         /)   do_search        ;;
         '.')  do_toggle_hidden   ;;
         T)    do_toggle_details  ;;
+        P)    do_toggle_preview  ;;
         i)   do_info          ;;
-        '!') do_shell         ;;
+        '+') do_chmod_x    ;;
+        '-') do_chmod_nox ;;
         o)   do_open_with     ;;
         s)   do_sort          ;;
         u)   do_trash        ;;
         U)   do_open_trash   ;;
-        '`') do_jump_back    ;;
+        f)   do_find        ;;
-        '~') PREV_CWD="$CWD"; CWD="$HOME"; FILTER=""; SELECTED=""
+        ':') do_jump_path   ;;
+        '~') PREV_CWD="$CWD"; CWD=$(cd "$HOME" && pwd); FILTER=""; SELECTED=""
              SEL=0; OFFSET=0; PREV_SEL=0; PREV_OFFSET=0; load_entries ;;
         c)   do_copy_path   ;;
         "$(printf '\033')") do_clear_filter ;;

sfm.1

@@ -0,0 +1,376 @@
+.TH SFM 1 "2026-03-16" "0.4" "Simple File Manager"
+
+.SH NAME
+sfm \- Simple File Manager
+
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B sfm
+.RI [ path ]
+
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+.B sfm
+is a lightweight, terminal-based file manager written entirely in POSIX sh.
+It runs in your terminal with no external dependencies beyond standard Unix
+tools. Designed to be fast, flicker-free, and keyboard-driven with a
+vim-inspired key layout.
+
+If
+.I path
+is given, sfm opens that directory. Otherwise it opens in the current
+working directory.
+
+.SH KEY BINDINGS
+
+.SS Navigation
+.TP
+.BR j ", " k " or " "up/down arrows"
+Move cursor up or down.
+.TP
+.BR h " or " "left arrow"
+Go to parent directory.
+.TP
+.BR l ", " "right arrow" ", or " enter
+Open selected file or enter directory.
+.TP
+.B g
+Jump to top of list.
+.TP
+.B G
+Jump to bottom of list.
+.TP
+.B ~
+Go to home directory.
+.TP
+.B \`
+Jump to previous directory (toggle).
+.TP
+.B :
+Prompt for a path to jump to directly. Supports
+.B ~
+expansion. Shows an error if the path does not exist. Press esc to cancel.
+.TP
+.B f
+Find files recursively under the current directory. Opens an interactive
+picker. Press j/k or arrows to navigate results, enter or l to jump to the
+selected result, esc/q/h to close.
+
+.SS Search and Filter
+.TP
+.B /
+Enter search mode. The listing is filtered as you type.
+.TP
+.B esc
+Clear filter and exit search mode.
+.TP
+.B enter
+Exit search mode while keeping the current filter active.
+
+.SS Display Toggles
+.TP
+.B .
+Toggle hidden files (dotfiles). Hidden entries appear before regular
+entries (hidden dirs, then regular dirs, then hidden files, then
+regular files).
+.TP
+.B T
+Toggle size/date detail column.
+.TP
+.B P
+Toggle preview pane on the right side.
+.TP
+.B s
+Cycle sort mode: name \-> size \-> date.
+.TP
+.B i
+Show file info (permissions, size, date) in the status bar.
+.TP
+.B R
+Refresh the current directory listing.
+
+.SS File Operations
+.TP
+.B r
+Rename selected entry. Press esc to cancel.
+.TP
+.B m
+Create a new directory. Press esc to cancel.
+.TP
+.B n
+Create a new empty file. Press esc to cancel.
+.TP
+.B d " or " del
+Delete selected entry or all multi-selected entries.
+Non-empty directories require a second confirmation.
+.TP
+.B u
+Move selected entry to trash (safe delete).
+.TP
+.B U
+Open the trash directory.
+.TP
+.B o
+Open selected file with a custom program. Press esc to cancel.
+.TP
+.B +
+Make the selected file executable
+.RB ( "chmod +x" ).
+.TP
+.B \-
+Remove execute permission from the selected file
+.RB ( "chmod -x" ).
+
+.SS Clipboard
+.TP
+.B y
+Yank (copy) selected entry or all multi-selected entries.
+.TP
+.B x
+Cut selected entry or all multi-selected entries.
+.TP
+.B p
+Paste clipboard contents into the current directory.
+Auto-renames on conflict by appending
+.IR _copy .
+.TP
+.B c
+Copy the full path of the selected entry to the system clipboard.
+Requires
+.BR wl-copy ", " xclip ", " xsel ", or " pbcopy .
+
+.SS Multi-Select
+.TP
+.B space
+Toggle multi-select on the current entry (cursor advances).
+.TP
+.B a
+Select all entries / deselect all.
+.PP
+Multi-select works with
+.BR y ", " x ", and " d .
+
+.SS Bookmarks
+.TP
+.B b
+Bookmark the current directory. Press again to remove it.
+.TP
+.B B
+Open the bookmark picker.
+Use j/k to navigate, enter to jump, esc to close.
+
+.SS Other
+.TP
+.B !
+Drop into
+.B $SHELL
+in the current directory. Type
+.I exit
+to return to sfm. The working directory is updated if you cd elsewhere
+in the shell.
+.TP
+.B ?
+Show the keyboard shortcuts help overlay.
+.TP
+.B q
+Quit sfm.
+
+.SH PREVIEW PANE
+When the preview pane is enabled with
+.BR P ,
+the terminal is split into a left pane (file list) and a right pane
+(preview). The preview shows:
+.IP \(bu 2
+.B Text files \-
+file contents displayed line by line.
+.IP \(bu 2
+.B Directories \-
+directory contents (subdirectories first, then files).
+.IP \(bu 2
+.B Symlinks \-
+the link target path.
+.IP \(bu 2
+.B Binary files \-
+file size.
+
+.SH CUSTOM OPENER
+.B sfm
+checks for a user-defined opener script at:
+.PP
+.I ~/.config/sfm/opener
+.PP
+If the file exists and is executable, sfm passes the selected file path
+to it as the first argument instead of using the built-in smart opener.
+.PP
+Example opener script:
+.PP
+.nf
+#!/bin/sh
+case "$1" in
+    *.jpg|*.jpeg) imv "$1" ;;
+    *.mp4)        mpv "$1" ;;
+    *.html|*.pdf) firefox "$1" ;;
+    *)            echo "no program set for this file type" ;;
+esac
+.fi
+.PP
+Make it executable with:
+.B chmod +x ~/.config/sfm/opener
+.PP
+If the opener script does not exist, sfm falls back to its built-in
+smart opener which detects file types by extension and MIME type.
+
+.SH SMART FILE OPENER
+When no custom opener is configured, sfm opens files using the first
+available program for each file type:
+.TP
+.B Text / code
+$EDITOR or vi.
+.TP
+.B Images
+imv, feh, sxiv, eog, gimp.
+.TP
+.B Video
+mpv, vlc, mplayer, totem.
+.TP
+.B Audio
+mpv, vlc, cmus, mocp.
+.TP
+.B PDF
+zathura, evince, okular, mupdf.
+.TP
+.B Office documents
+libreoffice.
+.TP
+.B Archives
+atool or bsdtar (lists contents in pager).
+.PP
+Falls back to xdg-open, open (macOS), or $EDITOR.
+
+.SH FILE COLOURS
+.TP
+.B Green bold
+Directories.
+.TP
+.B Red bold
+Executables and broken symlinks.
+.TP
+.B Magenta
+Images.
+.TP
+.B Magenta bold
+Video files and valid symlinks.
+.TP
+.B Cyan bold
+Audio files.
+.TP
+.B Red
+Archives (zip, tar, gz, etc.).
+.TP
+.B Yellow
+Documents (pdf, docx, etc.).
+.TP
+.B Green
+Code and scripts (py, sh, rs, etc.).
+.TP
+.B Cyan
+Config and data files (json, yaml, etc.).
+.TP
+.B White
+Text, markdown, and all other files.
+
+.SH STATUS BAR INDICATORS
+.TP
+.B [hidden]
+Hidden (dot) files are currently visible.
+.TP
+.B [sort:size] or [sort:date]
+Active sort mode. Not shown when sorting by name (default).
+.TP
+.B [copy] or [cut]
+A file is stored in the clipboard.
+.TP
+.B [sel:N]
+N items are currently multi-selected.
+.TP
+.B [details]
+Size/date detail column is visible.
+
+.SH TRASH
+Files deleted with
+.B u
+are moved to:
+.PP
+.I ~/.local/share/sfm-trash/
+.PP
+Files are prefixed with a timestamp in the format
+.IR YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS_filename .
+Use
+.B U
+to browse the trash directory. To restore a file, rename it with
+.B r
+to remove the timestamp prefix, then cut with
+.B x
+and paste with
+.B p
+to the desired location.
+
+.SH FILES
+.TP
+.I ~/.config/sfm/bookmarks
+Saved bookmarks, one directory path per line.
+.TP
+.I ~/.config/sfm/opener
+Custom file opener script (optional, must be executable).
+.TP
+.I ~/.local/share/sfm-trash/
+Directory where trashed files are stored.
+
+.SH ENVIRONMENT
+.TP
+.B EDITOR
+Editor used to open text files when no custom opener is set.
+.TP
+.B SHELL
+Shell used when dropping to the terminal with
+.BR ! .
+.TP
+.B PAGER
+Pager used when listing archive contents.
+.TP
+.B XDG_CONFIG_HOME
+Base directory for sfm config files. Defaults to
+.IR ~/.config .
+.TP
+.B XDG_DATA_HOME
+Base directory for sfm data files (trash). Defaults to
+.IR ~/.local/share .
+
+.SH EXAMPLES
+Open sfm in the current directory:
+.PP
+.nf
+sfm
+.fi
+.PP
+Open sfm at a specific path:
+.PP
+.nf
+sfm /mnt/data
+.fi
+.PP
+Use sfm as a cd wrapper (add to shell rc):
+.PP
+.nf
+s() { cd "$(sfm)"; }
+.fi
+
+.SH AUTHORS
+Emmett1 <me@emmett1.my> with help of AI.
+
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR find (1),
+.BR ls (1),
+.BR mv (1),
+.BR cp (1),
+.BR rm (1),
+.BR chmod (1),
+.BR vi (1)